在HTML5中的新标签canvas元素用于图形的绘制,但canvas画布本身并不能画图,所以我们必须通过脚本 (通常是JavaScript)来完成.通过canvas元素,我们可以在画布上画出各种图形,线条,矩形,圆形,椭圆,字体,渐变等,当然可以自己设计组合绘制自己想要的图案。趁着对canvas还有一点余温,博主特意练习了一下,利用canvas画了一个简单的蓝胖子。
效果图:
需要掌握的方法:
quadraticCurveTo() | 创建二次贝塞尔曲线 |
bezierCurveTo() | 创建三次方贝塞尔曲线 |
arc() | 创建弧/曲线(用于创建圆形或部分圆) |
arcTo() | 创建两切线之间的弧/曲线 |
核心代码:
<html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta name="viewport" content="height = device-height,width = device-width,initial-scale = 1.0,minimum-scale = 1.0,maximum-scale = 1.0,user-scalable = no"> <title>柏平博客之哆啦A梦</title> </head> <body> <div class="canvasBox"> <canvas id="myCanvas" width="500" height="500" onmousemove="xy(event)" onmouseleave="clear()"></canvas> <span id="xy"></span> </div> <style> .canvasBox{ width: 500px; height: 500px; margin:40px auto; } </style> <script type="text/javascript"> window.onload = function(){ var Canvas = document.getElementById('myCanvas'); var CanvasId = Canvas.getContext('2d'); var htmlWidth = parseInt(screen.width/2); var htmlHeight = parseInt(htmlWidth*0.618); //创建头部 CanvasId.beginPath();//开始绘制 CanvasId.lineWidth = 1; CanvasId.arc(250,70,70,0.7*Math.PI,0.3*Math.PI); CanvasId.fillStyle="#0bb0da";//定义填充颜色 CanvasId.fill();//填充颜色 CanvasId.strokeStyle="#000" ; CanvasId.stroke(); //绘制脸部 CanvasId.beginPath();//开始绘制 CanvasId.fillStyle = "#fff"; CanvasId.moveTo(220,40); CanvasId.quadraticCurveTo(170, 100, 220, 125);//创建二次贝塞尔曲线,控制点(170,100),结束点(220,125) CanvasId.lineTo(280, 125);//添加一个新点,然后在画布中创建从(220,40)到(280,125)的线条 CanvasId.quadraticCurveTo(330, 100, 280, 40); CanvasId.lineTo(220,40); CanvasId.strokeStyle="#000" ; CanvasId.fill(); CanvasId.stroke(); //绘制眼睛 CanvasId.beginPath(); CanvasId.fillStyle = "#fff"; //绘制左眼睛 CanvasId.moveTo(220,40); CanvasId.bezierCurveTo(220,10,250,10,250,40);//绘制上半圆,创建三次贝塞尔曲线,控制点1(220,10),控制点2(250,10)结束点(250,40) CanvasId.bezierCurveTo(250,70,220,70,220,40);//绘制下半圆 //绘制右眼睛 CanvasId.moveTo(250,40); CanvasId.bezierCurveTo(250,10,280,10,280,40); CanvasId.bezierCurveTo(280,70,250,70,250,40); CanvasId.fill(); CanvasId.stroke(); //绘制左眼球 CanvasId.beginPath(); CanvasId.fillStyle = "#000"; CanvasId.arc(240,50,5,0,2*Math.PI);//创建以(240,50)为圆心,半径为5,弧度为0的圆 CanvasId.fill(); CanvasId.stroke(); //绘制右眼球 CanvasId.beginPath(); CanvasId.fillStyle = "#000"; CanvasId.arc(260,50,5,0,2*Math.PI); CanvasId.fill(); CanvasId.stroke(); //绘制鼻子 CanvasId.beginPath(); CanvasId.fillStyle = "#d05823"; CanvasId.arc(250,68,10,0,2*Math.PI); CanvasId.fill(); CanvasId.stroke(); //绘制鼻子之间的线 CanvasId.beginPath(); CanvasId.moveTo(250,80); CanvasId.lineTo(250,100); CanvasId.stroke(); //绘制左边上胡须 CanvasId.beginPath(); CanvasId.moveTo(210,80); CanvasId.lineTo(240,85); //绘制左边中间胡须 CanvasId.moveTo(210,90); CanvasId.lineTo(240,90); //绘制左边下面胡须 CanvasId.moveTo(210,100); CanvasId.lineTo(240,95); CanvasId.stroke(); //绘制右边上胡须 CanvasId.beginPath(); CanvasId.moveTo(260,85); CanvasId.lineTo(290,80); //绘制右边中间胡须 CanvasId.moveTo(260,90); CanvasId.lineTo(290,90); //绘制右边下面胡须 CanvasId.moveTo(260,95); CanvasId.lineTo(290,100); //绘制嘴巴 CanvasId.moveTo(220,110); CanvasId.bezierCurveTo(220,120,280,120,280,110); CanvasId.stroke(); //绘制围巾 CanvasId.beginPath(); CanvasId.moveTo(202,125); // 创建开始点 CanvasId.lineTo(290,125); // 创建水平线 CanvasId.arcTo(300,125,300,130,5); // 创建弧 CanvasId.arcTo(300,140,290,140,5); // 创建弧 CanvasId.lineTo(240,140); // 创建垂直线 CanvasId.arcTo(200,140,200,135,5); // 创建弧 CanvasId.lineTo(200,130); // 创建垂直线 CanvasId.arcTo(200,125,260,125,5); // 创建弧 CanvasId.lineTo(260,125); // 创建垂直线 CanvasId.fillStyle = '#b13209'; CanvasId.fill(); CanvasId.stroke(); CanvasId.beginPath(); CanvasId.fillStyle = '#0bb0da'; CanvasId.moveTo(210,140); //绘制左边衣服 CanvasId.lineTo(170,180); CanvasId.lineTo(189,199); CanvasId.lineTo(210,180); CanvasId.lineTo(210,230); CanvasId.lineTo(240,230); //绘制右边衣服 CanvasId.lineTo(290,230); CanvasId.lineTo(290,180); CanvasId.lineTo(315,199); CanvasId.lineTo(334,180); CanvasId.lineTo(290,140); CanvasId.fill(); CanvasId.stroke(); //绘制右手 CanvasId.beginPath(); CanvasId.fillStyle = "#FFF"; CanvasId.arc(180,190,16,0,2*Math.PI); CanvasId.fill(); CanvasId.stroke(); //绘制左手 CanvasId.beginPath(); CanvasId.fillStyle = "#FFF"; CanvasId.arc(324,190,16,0,2*Math.PI); CanvasId.fill(); CanvasId.stroke(); //绘制两个脚之间的空隙 CanvasId.beginPath(); CanvasId.fillStyle = "#fff"; CanvasId.moveTo(240,231); CanvasId.bezierCurveTo(240,210,261,210,260,231); CanvasId.fill(); CanvasId.stroke(); //绘制肚子 CanvasId.beginPath(); CanvasId.fillStyle = "#FFF"; CanvasId.arc(250,159,33,1.8*Math.PI,1.2*Math.PI); CanvasId.fill(); CanvasId.stroke(); //绘制百宝袋 CanvasId.beginPath(); CanvasId.fillStyle = "#FFF"; CanvasId.moveTo(230,160); CanvasId.lineTo(270,160); CanvasId.arc(250,159,20,0,1*Math.PI); CanvasId.fill(); CanvasId.stroke(); //绘制左脚 CanvasId.beginPath(); CanvasId.fillStyle = '#fff'; CanvasId.moveTo(206,230); // 创建开始点 CanvasId.lineTo(240,230); CanvasId.bezierCurveTo(246,230,248,240,242,245); CanvasId.moveTo(242,245); // 创建开始点 CanvasId.lineTo(206,245); CanvasId.bezierCurveTo(200,240,200,235,206,230); //绘制右脚 CanvasId.moveTo(258,230); // 创建开始点 CanvasId.lineTo(294,230); CanvasId.bezierCurveTo(300,235,300,240,295,245); CanvasId.moveTo(295,245); // 创建开始点 CanvasId.lineTo(258,245); CanvasId.bezierCurveTo(252,240,252,234,258,230); CanvasId.fill(); CanvasId.stroke(); } function xy(e) { var xy = document.getElementById('xy'); xy.innerHTML = 'x:'+e.offsetX+'<br>y:'+e.offsetY; } function clear(){ var xy = document.getElementById('xy'); xy.innerHTML = ''; } </script> </body> </html>
至此绘制就完成了,以上代码有不足之处还望大神们指出顺便赐教与交流哈。此外,小多啦的铃铛没画,有空补上
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